History
Information and Communication Technology, ICT (English: Information and Communication Technologies: ICT) is a large umbrella term that covers all the technical equipment to process and communicate information. ICT covers two aspects of information technology and communication technology. Information technology encompasses all matters relating to process, use as a tool, manipulation, and management information. While communication technology is anything that is related to the use of assistive devices to process and transfer data from one device to another. Therefore, information
technology and communication technology are two inseparable concepts. So the Information and
Communication Technology contains the broad sense is any activity related to the processing, manipulation, management, transfer of information between media. The term ICT emerged after the combination of computer technology (both hardware and software) and communications technology in the mid-20th century. The combination of both technologies are rapidly evolving beyond any other technology fields. Until the beginning of the 21st century ICT continue to experience various changes and have not seen the point of saturation.
application of ICT in education in Indonesia
Indonesia never use the term telematics (Telematics) for roughly the same
meaning with ICT as we know it today. Encarta Dictionary describes as
telecommunication + informatics Telematics (telecommunication + informatics)
even before the word meaning the science of the data transmission. Processing
and distribution of information through telecommunications networks open up
many opportunities to be exploited in various fields of human life, including
one in education. The idea of using machine-learning, making the simulation
of complex processes, the animation process described is very difficult to
attract teaching practitioners. Moreover, the possibility to serve the learning
that is not constrained time and place can also be facilitated by ICT. In line
with the start popping up various jargon beginning with e, from e-book,
e-learning, e-laboratory, e-education, e-library, and so forth. E meaningful
prefix is implicitly understood that electronics technology based on digital
electronics. Use of ICT in learning in Indonesia has had a long history.
Initiative organizes educational radio and television broadcasts of education
is an effort to disseminate information to the educational units scattered
throughout the archipelago. This is a form of consciousness to optimize the
utilization of technology in helping the community learning process. The main
weakness of educational television and radio broadcasting is the absence of
immediate feedback. Direction of the broadcast nature of the resource persons
or facilitators to learners. Introduction of computers with the ability to
process and present a multimedia display (text, graphics, images, sounds and
moving images) provide new opportunities to overcome the weaknesses that are
not owned radio and television broadcasts. When the television is only able to
provide direct information (especially if the material is a material
tayangannya recordings), internet technology-based learning provides
opportunities to interact both synchronous (real time) or asynchronous
(delayed). Internet-based learning allows for learning in sync with the main
advantage that the learners and the facilitator does not have to be in the same
place. Utilization of video conferencing technology which is run by using
Internet technology enables the learner to be anywhere along the network is
connected to the computer. In addition to leading applications like that, some
other opportunities that are simpler and less expensive also be developed in
line with advances in ICT today.
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